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PurposeTo assess the efficacy and safety/tolerability of adjunctive zonisamide treatment in pediatric patients with partial epilepsy.
MethodsIn this phase III, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, multicenter trial, 207 patients (age 6–17 years) with partial epilepsy, receiving one or two antiepileptic drugs, were randomized to receive adjunctive zonisamide or placebo. Zonisamide was initiated...
PurposeCompare the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of immediate‐ and extended‐release formulations of topiramate (TPM) in healthy subjects following multiple dosing, and evaluate maintenance of topiramate exposures after switching formulations.
MethodsA randomized, open‐label, single‐center, two‐way crossover, multiple‐dose study comparing the steady‐state PK profile of once‐daily extended‐release...
PurposeTo assess the effects of ICA‐105665, an agonist of neuronal Kv7 potassium channels, on epileptiform EEG discharges, evoked by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS), the so‐called photoparoxysmal responses (PPRs) in patients with epilepsy.
MethodsMale and female patients aged 18–60 years with reproducible PPRs were eligible for enrollment. The study was conducted as a single‐blind, single‐dose,...
Hemispherectomy often leads to a loss of contralateral hand function. In some children with congenital hemiparesis, however, paretic hand function remains unchanged. An immediate improvement of hand function has never been reported. A 17‐year‐old boy with congenital hemiparesis and therapy‐refractory seizures due to a large infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery underwent epilepsy...
PurposePolymicrogyria (PMG) is an epileptogenic malformation of cortical development. We describe the clinical epilepsy and imaging features of a large cohort with PMG‐related epilepsy.
MethodsParticipants were recruited through the Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project, a multicenter collaborative effort to collect detailed phenotypic data on individuals with epilepsy. We reviewed phenotypic data from...
Benzodiazepine (BDZ), a widely recognized first‐line status epilepticus (SE) treatment, may lead to respiratory depression. This cohort study investigates the effect of BDZ doses in SE patients in terms of morbidity and mortality. It considers incident SE episodes from a prospective registry (2009–2012), comparing patients receiving standard BDZ dose to those receiving exceeding doses (>30% above...
PurposeThere are only a few studies of incidence of epilepsy in low and middle income countries (LMICs). These are often small and conducted in specific age groups or areas where the prevalence of risk factors is high; therefore, these studies are not representative of the wider populations. We determined the incidence of convulsive epilepsy (CE) in a large rural population in Kenya.
MethodsWe conducted...
PurposeThree phase III studies (304 [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00699972], 305 [NCT00699582], 306 [NCT00700310]) evaluated perampanel, an α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist, as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial seizures. We report post hoc analyses of pooled study data by randomized dose.
MethodsPatients with partial seizures despite receiving...
PurposeRecent studies in epilepsy, cognition, and brain machine interfaces have shown the utility of recording intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) with greater spatial resolution. Many of these studies utilize microelectrodes connected to specialized amplifiers that are optimized for such recordings. We recently measured the impedances of several commercial microelectrodes and demonstrated...
PurposeInterest in the association of epilepsy and pseudobulbar palsy was rekindled since the identification through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria (PMG). Seizures are often intractable, but resective epilepsy surgery has not been recommended. However, a similar clinical picture can be encountered in patients with bilateral perisylvian destructive lesions,...
The epilepsy community increasingly recognizes the need for a modern classification system that can also be easily integrated with effective informatics tools. The 2010 reports by the United States President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) identified informatics as a critical resource to improve quality of patient care, drive clinical research, and reduce the cost of health...
PurposeTo examine patterns of use, efficacy, and safety of intravenous ketamine for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE).
MethodsMulticenter retrospective review of medical records and electroencephalography (EEG) reports in 10 academic medical centers in North America and Europe, including 58 subjects, representing 60 episodes of RSE that were identified between 1999 and 2012. Seven...
PurposeInvestigate the pharmacokinetics of once‐daily (QD; 900 mg) and twice‐daily (BID; 450 mg) regimens of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) and BID (450 mg) regimen of oxcarbazepine (OXC) at steady state in healthy volunteers.
MethodsSingle‐center, open‐label, randomized, three‐way (n = 12) crossover studies in healthy volunteers.
Key FindingsMean eslicarbazepine Cmax,ss (in μm) following ESL QD...
Atypical benign partial epilepsy (ABPE) is a subgroup among the idiopathic focal epilepsies of childhood. Aim of this study was to investigate neuronal networks underlying ABPE and compare the results with previous electroencephalography (EEG)–functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of related epilepsy syndromes. Ten patients with ABPE underwent simultaneous EEG‐fMRI recording. In all...
PurposeSurvey data indicate that continuous electroencephalography (EEG) (CEEG) monitoring is used with increasing frequency to identify electrographic seizures in critically ill children, but studies of current CEEG practice have not been conducted. We aimed to describe the clinical utilization of CEEG in critically ill children at tertiary care hospitals with a particular focus on variables essential...
PurposeThe study analyzes the occurrence of high frequency oscillations in different types of focal cortical dysplasia in 22 patients with refractory epilepsy. High frequency oscillations are biomarkers for epileptic tissue, but it is unknown whether they can reflect increasingly dysplastic tissue changes as well as epileptic disease activity.
MethodsHigh frequency oscillations (80–450 Hz) were visually...
There has been increased interest in a possible association between epilepsy channelopathies and cardiac arrhythmias, such as long QT syndrome (LQTS). We report a kindred that features LQTS, idiopathic epilepsy, and increased risk of sudden death. Genetic study showed a previously unreported heterozygous point mutation (c.246T>C) in the KCNH2 gene. Functional studies showed that the mutation induces...
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